IPMAT Quadratic Equations 2027 — Roots, Discriminant, Vieta's Formulas and 30 Practice MCQs | Ipm Gurukul

IPMAT Quadratic Equations 2027 — Roots, Discriminant, Vieta’s Formulas and 30 Practice MCQs

IPMAT JIPMAT preparation integrated programme study material

Last Updated: 11 May 2026

IPMAT 2027 Quantitative Aptitude carries 3-4 questions on Quadratics across IIM Indore + IIM Rohtak forms. With IIM Indore IPM cutoff at 79.5/100 in 2026, missing even one of these is costly.

Standard Form

ax² + bx + c = 0 where a ≠ 0.

Quadratic Formula

x = [-b ± √(b² – 4ac)] / 2a; D = b² – 4ac is the discriminant.

Nature of Roots (using D)

D Value Nature of Roots
D > 0 and perfect square Real, distinct, rational
D > 0 and not perfect square Real, distinct, irrational
D = 0 Real, equal
D < 0 Imaginary (complex conjugates)

Vieta’s Formulas

If α, β are roots of ax² + bx + c = 0:

  • Sum of roots: α + β = -b/a
  • Product of roots: αβ = c/a
  • α² + β² = (α+β)² – 2αβ
  • α³ + β³ = (α+β)³ – 3αβ(α+β)
  • (α-β)² = (α+β)² – 4αβ = D/a²
  • 1/α + 1/β = -b/c

Symmetric Functions of Roots

If S₁ = α+β and S₂ = αβ, then any symmetric function can be expressed in S₁ and S₂.

  • α² + β² = S₁² – 2S₂
  • α³ + β³ = S₁(S₁² – 3S₂)
  • α⁴ + β⁴ = (S₁² – 2S₂)² – 2S₂²

Forming a Quadratic from Roots

If sum = S and product = P, equation: x² – Sx + P = 0.

Quadratic Inequalities

  1. Solve ax² + bx + c > 0 by finding roots and using sign-chart.
  2. If a > 0: positive outside roots, negative between.
  3. If a < 0: negative outside, positive between.
  4. If D < 0 and a > 0: always positive.

Common Roots of Two Quadratics

If a₁x² + b₁x + c₁ = 0 and a₂x² + b₂x + c₂ = 0 have one common root:

(c₁a₂ – c₂a₁)² = (a₁b₂ – a₂b₁)(b₁c₂ – b₂c₁)

Maximum / Minimum of Quadratic

For f(x) = ax² + bx + c:

  • If a > 0: minimum at x = -b/(2a); min value = c – b²/(4a) = -D/(4a).
  • If a < 0: maximum at the same x.

IPMAT-Specific Twists

  1. Often combined with logarithm: log(quadratic) inequalities.
  2. Roots in terms of trigonometric identities (occasional IIM Indore).
  3. Integer-root finding using rational root theorem.
  4. Maximum value of compound functions like (x² + 6x + 10)/(x² + 6x + 8).

Internal Links

FAQ

How many marks from Quadratic in IPMAT?

12-16 marks (3-4 questions across QA-MCQ and QA-SA).

Are short-answer questions on this topic?

Yes — IIM Indore consistently puts 1-2 QA-SA (Quant Short Answer) on quadratic roots/coefficients.

Best book for IPMAT Quadratic?

Arun Sharma ‘How to Prepare for QA’; Sarvesh Verma for shortcut formulas.

Practice Quiz

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